In finance, investment advising, and retirement planning, the Trinity study is an informal name used to refer to an influential 1998 paper by three professors of finance at Trinity University in …

Jan 20, 2021 · The Trinity Study was a retirement planning study published in the February 1998 issue of AAII by three professors at Trinity College, in Texas. They based their work on William …

Because the authors were professors at Trinity University in San Antonio, Texas, it is often referred to as "the Trinity study." The authors studied actual historical stock and bond returns …

One of the classic studies in the field of financial and retirement planning is the Trinity Study, a nickname for the article, “Retirement Spending: Choosing a Sustainable Withdrawal Rate,” by …

Aug 10, 2025 · Updated Trinity Study Results for 2024, with data from 1871 to 2024. Find out if the 4% rule still holds and the best withdrawal rate for you!

The Trinity Study confirms the work done by William Bengen, showing that a 4% withdrawal rate, over a 30-year retirement horizon, with a 50/50 mix of stocks and bonds was 100% successful. …

This study is a backtesting simulation that uses historical data to see if a retirement plan (i.e. a withdrawal rate) would have survived under past economic conditions.

Jul 27, 2023 · The 4% rule originated from a study conducted in the 1990s at Trinity University in Texas that became known as the Trinity Study. Before this study, some financial advisors had …

Aug 1, 2015 · The Trinity Study, which was first published in 1998 and most recently updated in the Journal in April 2011 (“Portfolio Success Rates: Where to Draw the Line”), is one of the …

Mar 24, 2025 · Unlike many theoretical financial models, the Trinity Study analyzed real historical market data to answer a deceptively simple question: How much can you safely withdraw from …