This is a prototype rubidium “atomic clock” developed for Block I Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites about 1974. It dates from the “concept validation phase” of the program, from 1974 through ...

The aim of this study was to obtain the relationship between ion interactions and the crystallization patterns of salt species in the lithium–rubidium–magnesium sulfate system at 298.2 K. The phase ...

This paper reports on a method for improving the optical efficiency of micromachined reflectors integrated in rubidium vapor cells. A hybrid bulk micromachining and multilayer thin film process is ...

Our experiment was based on a homemade lamp-pumped Rubidium frequency standard with the discharge lamp assembly removed. In the experiment, we first locked a DFB laser diode to the 87 Rb cycling ...