Showdowns between people and bulls can still go on, but the animals can no longer be hurt or killed. Some bullfighting proponents said the law imperils an ancient tradition.

Mexico City’s local congress on Tuesday passed a measure aiming to make bullfights much less harmful to bulls and matadors, a move applauded by animal rights activists but sharply criticized by fans of the centuries-old tradition.

Mexico City lawmakers have voted to ban violent bullfighting in the capital. The decision Tuesday spurred fury among bullfighters in the city and celebrations among animal rights advocates. The vote