Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)

Intercalated bacterial biofilms are intrinsic internal components of calcium-based kidney stones

Calcium oxalate stones comprise greater than 70% of all kidney stones. In the current conceptual framework, the initial stone ...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)

Table Of Contents Page, PNAS Volume 123, Number 6

The Middle Pleistocene (MP; ca. 774 to 129 ka) marks a critical period of human evolution, characterized by increasing ...
PNAS

The evolutionary history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

The origins of the major MRSA clones are still poorly understood. Kreiswirth et al. (11) proposed that all MRSAs were descended from a single ancestral S. aureus strain that acquired mecA, but more ...
PNAS

Quantum heat engine power can be increased by noise-induced coherence

Open in Viewer (A) Schematic of a photocell consisting of quantum dots sandwiched between p and n doped semiconductors. Open circuit voltage and solar photon energy ℏνh are related by the Carnot ...
PNAS

Lower socioeconomic status and the acceleration of aging: An outcome-wide analysis

Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is a determinant of many of the health problems that emerge at older ages. The extent to which lower SES is associated with faster decline in age-related functions and ...
PNAS

Rate enhancement of bacterial extracellular electron transport involves bound flavin semiquinones

Abstract Extracellular redox-active compounds, flavins and other quinones, have been hypothesized to play a major role in the delivery of electrons from cellular metabolic systems to extracellular ...
PNAS

Nonlinear temperature effects indicate severe damages to U.S. crop yields under climate change

The United States produces 41% of the world's corn and 38% of the world's soybeans. These crops comprise two of the four largest sources of caloric energy produced and are thus critical for world food ...