These preterm newborns face many medical challenges ... for NEC is simply prematurity and the immaturity of the infant’s digestive system. Breast milk lowers the risk, probably because of ...

Also, in many instances human milk components compensate for immature function, such as a neonate's inability to produce certain digestive enzymes, immunoglobulin A (IgA), taurine, nucleotides ...

many of which have to reach the infant intact (eg, immunoglobulins, digestive enzymes). The antitryptic and antichymotryptic activity of human milk might prevent the absorption of endogenous and ...