This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

Sodium hydroxide is added to a cylinder of aluminum nitrate, precipitating out aluminum hydroxide. When additional base is added, the precipitate dissolves. The reactions can then be reversed with the ...

Students will be able to explain that if two substances cause turn a pH indicator different colors, they must be different substances. Students will be able to explain that the color that a substance ...